Composition driven (Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O(3)lead-free ceramics with large quality factor and energy harvesting characteristics

Composition driven (Ba,Ca)(Zr,Ti)O(3)lead-free ceramics with large quality factor and energy harvesting characteristics

Článek WoS

A comprehensive study on energy harvesting characteristics as well as electro-mechanical properties of lead-free (1-x)(BaZr0.2Ti0.8)O-3-x(Ba0.7Ca0.3Ti)O(3)ceramics were systematically carried out. Raman and Rietveld analyses show a formation of rhombohedral-orthorhombic-tetragonal (R-O-T) phase boundary region between 4/6 BZT/BCT and 6/4 BZT/BCT compositional range. Raman modes shift toward lower frequencies with increased Zr/Ca stoichiometric ratio attributed to asymmetric Ti-O phonon vibrations, which caused local disorder, widening of energy band and reduced Curie temperature. The large mechanical quality factorQ(m) = 556 is related to the hardening effect and significantly high energy conversion efficiency eta = 96% was discovered for 3/7 BZT/BCT composition. Largely, the noblest electro-mechanical properties were retrieved for 5/5 BZT/BCT ceramics, in whichd(33) = 500 pC/N (from quasi-staticd(33)meter),d(33) = 540 pm/V (from field-dependent d(33)curves) indicating that the both methods are analogous with a deviation of 8%. The outstanding energy harvesting characteristics such as voltage constantg(33) = 27 x 10(-3) Vm/N, transduction coefficientd(33) x g(33) = 13 301 x 10(-15) m(2)/N, figure of merit under off-resonance conditions FOMoff = 12.1 x 10(-10) m(2)/N and fairly large eta of 94% were attained again for 5/5 BZT/BCT ceramics. These outstanding characteristics were ascribed to the R-O-T phase boundary region that comprises a low energy barrier, consequently facilitated easy polarization rotation and triggered an increased electro-mechanical conversion. These characteristics outperform other lead-free and even most commercially available lead-based ceramics, and thus suitable for sensors, actuators, resonators, and energy harvesting applications.

A comprehensive study on energy harvesting characteristics as well as electro-mechanical properties of lead-free (1-x)(BaZr0.2Ti0.8)O-3-x(Ba0.7Ca0.3Ti)O(3)ceramics were systematically carried out. Raman and Rietveld analyses show a formation of rhombohedral-orthorhombic-tetragonal (R-O-T) phase boundary region between 4/6 BZT/BCT and 6/4 BZT/BCT compositional range. Raman modes shift toward lower frequencies with increased Zr/Ca stoichiometric ratio attributed to asymmetric Ti-O phonon vibrations, which caused local disorder, widening of energy band and reduced Curie temperature. The large mechanical quality factorQ(m) = 556 is related to the hardening effect and significantly high energy conversion efficiency eta = 96% was discovered for 3/7 BZT/BCT composition. Largely, the noblest electro-mechanical properties were retrieved for 5/5 BZT/BCT ceramics, in whichd(33) = 500 pC/N (from quasi-staticd(33)meter),d(33) = 540 pm/V (from field-dependent d(33)curves) indicating that the both methods are analogous with a deviation of 8%. The outstanding energy harvesting characteristics such as voltage constantg(33) = 27 x 10(-3) Vm/N, transduction coefficientd(33) x g(33) = 13 301 x 10(-15) m(2)/N, figure of merit under off-resonance conditions FOMoff = 12.1 x 10(-10) m(2)/N and fairly large eta of 94% were attained again for 5/5 BZT/BCT ceramics. These outstanding characteristics were ascribed to the R-O-T phase boundary region that comprises a low energy barrier, consequently facilitated easy polarization rotation and triggered an increased electro-mechanical conversion. These characteristics outperform other lead-free and even most commercially available lead-based ceramics, and thus suitable for sensors, actuators, resonators, and energy harvesting applications.

energy harvesting; lead-free ceramics; mechanical quality factor; piezoelectric material; properties; Raman spectroscopy

energy harvesting; lead-free ceramics; mechanical quality factor; piezoelectric material; properties; Raman spectroscopy

BIJALWAN, V.; ERHART, J.; SPOTZ, Z.; SOBOLA, D.; PRAJZLER, V.; TOFEL, P.; MACA, K.

2021

01.02.2021

WILEY

HOBOKEN

0002-7820

JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY

104

2

Spojené státy americké

1088

1101

14

https://ceramics.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jace.17497