SEM-DIC comparative study of plastic deformation evolution in AISI 304L fabricated by two different methods

SEM-DIC comparative study of plastic deformation evolution in AISI 304L fabricated by two different methods

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With increasing demands on the materials performance, new production methods are pursued, such as additive manufacturing (AM), which are generally leading to complex internal structures. Therefore, various non-destructive in-situ methods, for example digital image correlation (DIC), have been developed for deeper understanding of the processing – microstructure – properties relationship. Within this work, interrupted tensile test experiments on two AISI 304L steel specimens produced by two different methods, hot-rolled and laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processed, were performed. The experiment consists of simultaneous observation of the plastic deformation evolution by SEM-DIC method and the evolution of crystallography by EBSD from the same area. Additively, high resolution EBSD (HR EBSD) was performed on selected grains to follow stress distribution and crystal lattice orientation evolution via Kernel average misorientation (KAM) map. Test interruptions for measurements were done at 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 10 % of total strain. Identification of active slip systems enabled to obtain a comprehensive insight into the plastic deformation evolution. This approach was used for both specimens to compare the response of very different structures. Significant heterogeneity of plastic deformation based on the crystal lattice orientation can be observed within individual grains of the LPBF-processed microstructure. In contrast, in the case of hot-rolled material, the plastic deformation appears more homogeneous.

With increasing demands on the materials performance, new production methods are pursued, such as additive manufacturing (AM), which are generally leading to complex internal structures. Therefore, various non-destructive in-situ methods, for example digital image correlation (DIC), have been developed for deeper understanding of the processing – microstructure – properties relationship. Within this work, interrupted tensile test experiments on two AISI 304L steel specimens produced by two different methods, hot-rolled and laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processed, were performed. The experiment consists of simultaneous observation of the plastic deformation evolution by SEM-DIC method and the evolution of crystallography by EBSD from the same area. Additively, high resolution EBSD (HR EBSD) was performed on selected grains to follow stress distribution and crystal lattice orientation evolution via Kernel average misorientation (KAM) map. Test interruptions for measurements were done at 1.5, 3, 4.5, and 10 % of total strain. Identification of active slip systems enabled to obtain a comprehensive insight into the plastic deformation evolution. This approach was used for both specimens to compare the response of very different structures. Significant heterogeneity of plastic deformation based on the crystal lattice orientation can be observed within individual grains of the LPBF-processed microstructure. In contrast, in the case of hot-rolled material, the plastic deformation appears more homogeneous.

digital image correlation | in-situ tensile test | Plastic deformation | slip systems

digital image correlation | in-situ tensile test | Plastic deformation | slip systems

PAVELČÍK, D.; NEUMANNOVÁ, K.; BARTOŠÍK, V.; KOUTNÝ, D.; JAMBOR, M.; ŠMÍD, M.

2026

08.12.2025

Elsevier B.V.

Nizozemí

Procedia Structural Integrity

Procedia Structural Integrity

74

prosinec

Nizozemsko

62

69

8