Lossless Hyperspectral Image Compression in Comet Interceptor and Hera Missions with Restricted Bandwith

Lossless Hyperspectral Image Compression in Comet Interceptor and Hera Missions with Restricted Bandwith

Článek WoS

Lossless image compression is vital for missions with limited data transmission bandwidth. Reducing file sizes enables faster transmission and increased scientific gains from transient events. This study compares two wavelet-based image compression algorithms, CCSDS 122.0 and JPEG 2000, used in the European Space Agency Comet Interceptor and Hera missions, respectively, in varying scenarios. The JPEG 2000 implementation is sourced from the JasPer library, whereas a custom implementation was written for CCSDS 122.0. The performance analysis for both algorithms consists of compressing simulated asteroid images in the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges. In addition, all test images were noise-filtered to study the effect of the amount of noise on both compression ratio and speed. The study finds that JPEG 2000 achieves consistently higher compression ratios and benefits from decreased noise more than CCSDS 122.0. However, CCSDS 122.0 produces comparable results faster than JPEG 2000 and is substantially less computationally complex. On the contrary, JPEG 2000 allows dynamic (entropy-permitting) reduction in the bit depth of internal data structures to 8 bits, halving the memory allocation, while CCSDS 122.0 always works in 16-bit mode. These results contribute valuable knowledge to the behavioral characteristics of both algorithms and provide insight for entities planning on using either algorithm on board planetary missions.

Lossless image compression is vital for missions with limited data transmission bandwidth. Reducing file sizes enables faster transmission and increased scientific gains from transient events. This study compares two wavelet-based image compression algorithms, CCSDS 122.0 and JPEG 2000, used in the European Space Agency Comet Interceptor and Hera missions, respectively, in varying scenarios. The JPEG 2000 implementation is sourced from the JasPer library, whereas a custom implementation was written for CCSDS 122.0. The performance analysis for both algorithms consists of compressing simulated asteroid images in the visible and near-infrared spectral ranges. In addition, all test images were noise-filtered to study the effect of the amount of noise on both compression ratio and speed. The study finds that JPEG 2000 achieves consistently higher compression ratios and benefits from decreased noise more than CCSDS 122.0. However, CCSDS 122.0 produces comparable results faster than JPEG 2000 and is substantially less computationally complex. On the contrary, JPEG 2000 allows dynamic (entropy-permitting) reduction in the bit depth of internal data structures to 8 bits, halving the memory allocation, while CCSDS 122.0 always works in 16-bit mode. These results contribute valuable knowledge to the behavioral characteristics of both algorithms and provide insight for entities planning on using either algorithm on board planetary missions.

image compression, CCSDS 122.0, JPEG 2000, hyperspectral data, noise filtering, comet, asteroid

image compression, CCSDS 122.0, JPEG 2000, hyperspectral data, noise filtering, comet, asteroid

SKOG, K.; KOHOUT, T.; KAŠPÁREK, T.; WOLFMAYR, M.

2025

04.03.2025

2072-4292

Remote Sensing

17

899

Švýcarská konfederace

1

18

18

https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/17/5/899