This master's thesis deals with stress–strain analysis of a rear torsion axle colliding with foreign road obstacles. Following, the research about commonly used suspension systems including possible damage mechanisms and corresponding situations leading to structural failures, the theoretical fundamentals, covering the explicit formulation of the finite element method and material models of plasticity and ductile fracture, were presented. To simulate the impact, a comprehensive computational model was developed to cover a wide range of possible impact scenarios, varying in initial velocity magnitude, geometry of the obstacle, and position of the impact including a calibration of Johnson–Cook models of plasticity and ductile fracture. Subsequently, the comparison between all simulated scenarios was carried out, determining the impact on the possible fracture initiation. A material comparative study was presented comparing the calibrated Johnson–Cook model against a similar model found in the literature. Lastly, the accuracy of the computational model was validated using a controlled experiment utilizing a custom-built frame and a hydraulically-driven impactor.