The submitted dissertation focuses on the study of macro and microrheological properties of hydrogel systems with incorporated structures that can realistically model an extracellular matrix (ECM) system with a drug nanocarrier. The fundamental idea and primary motivation in this scientific research area stem from the question of a possible correlation between the viscoelastic properties of hydrogel materials as a whole (macro level) and those obtained locally (micro level). That is, whether and to what extent the mechanical properties of ECM models relate to the movement of nanocarriers within them.     In the literature review section, alongside theoretical considerations regarding the feasibility of mathematically linking particle transport with macrorheology, parts of the work are also devoted to the selection of materials suitable for this thesis. Based on this, agarose hydrogel was selected as the simple polysaccharide hydrogel matrix along with a commercially available gel system, Geltrex, with a complex composition closely mimicking native ECM. The carrier systems were modelled using nanoparticles of various sizes (10, 30, and 100 nm), as well as micelles formed from positively charged (CTAB), negatively charged (SDS), and neutral (Tween 20) surfactants. The experimental section is divided into two main sections. The first focuses on comprehensive macrorheological characterization using rheometry, while the second part is oriented towards microrheological characterization, specifically using dynamic light scattering (DLS) and fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS).     A significant portion of the work is dedicated to correlating of the obtained data, whether comparing different rheometric tests among themselves or directly comparing the outputs from macro and microrheological techniques. The final section of the thesis also evaluates the application of selected conversion methods and discusses the purpose and possible limitations of the individual study techniques.