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Original title in Czech: Fyzikální a materiálové inženýrstvíFSIAbbreviation: D-FMIAcad. year: 2013/2014Specialisation: Physical Engineering
Programme: Physical and Materials Engineering
Length of Study: 4 years
Accredited from: Accredited until: 31.12.2020
Profile
The curriculum concentrates on the comprehensive study of materials properties and failure processes from the point of view of physics and physical metallurgy. Students should develop capability to apply their knowledge in inventive manner to new technologies and materials, such as plasma spraying, special methods of thermo-mechanical and thermo-chemical treatment, etc. Special attention is paid to the degradation processes and to the synergetic effects of various materials properties on material failure. The subjects of study are metallic and non-metallic materials, e.g., structural ceramics, polymers, amorphous and nanocrystalline materials and intermetallics. The Ph.D. programme requires proficiency in mathematics and physics at the MSc. degree level obtained from Faculty of Science or Faculty of Mechanical Engineering.
Guarantor
prof. RNDr. Miroslav Liška, DrSc.
Issued topics of Doctoral Study Program
The project should continue in the recent research on rigorous numerical simulation of photonic structures [1-3] and is aimed at the theoretical analysis and numerical modelling of optical effects in modern photonic structures. New types of guided-wave and coupled-resonator waveguide structures will be thoroughly studied having in mind their potential applications in signal processing (e.g. nonlinear functional devices, "slow light" structures), and possibly also sensors. [1] J. Čtyroký, S. Helfert, R. Pregla, P. Bienstman, R. Baets, R. de Ridder, R. Stoffer, G. Klaasse, J. Petráček , P. Lalanne, J.-P. Hugonin, and R. M. De La Rue: "Bragg waveguide grating as a 1D photonic bandgap structure: COST 268 modelling task," Opt. Quantum Electron. 34 455 (2002). [2] J. Petráček, "Frequency-domain simulation of electromagnetic wave propagation in one-dimensional nonlinear structures," Optics Communications, 265 (2006) 331-335. [3] F. Morichetti, A. Melloni, J. Čáp, J. Petráček, P. Bienstman, G. Priem, B. Maes, M. Lauritano, G. Bellanca: "Self-phase modulation in slow-wave structures: A comparative numerical analysis," Optical and Quantum Electronics, 38 (2006) 761-780.
Supervisor: Petráček Jiří, prof. RNDr., Dr.
The LIBS technique utilizes the high power-densities obtained by focusing the radiation from a pulsed laser to generate in the focal region a luminous micro-plasma from an analyte. The micro-plasma emission is subsequently analyzed by spectrometer. The plasma composition is representative to the analyte's elemental composition. LIBS allows to reach high spatial (limited by the size of the laser beam diameter) and depth resolution (in the range of about some tens of nanometers). Detection limits are in the range of few tens particles per million. In the frame of the dissertation work remote-LIBS technique will be applied for selected industrial and biological samples.
Supervisor: Kaiser Jozef, prof. Ing., Ph.D.
The topic represents research in the field of cluster physics and chemical physics. Simulations of dynamical processes which include radiative, as well as nonradiative electronic transitions, will be object of the study. Simulation programs are based on interaction model DIM and hemiquantal dynamics method. The simulations will be realized on high-performance computer clusters through techniques of parallel computing. Current typical MD simulations on atomic level are applicable for time scales up to about ns and do not include electronic transitions. Postionization dynamics of larger clusters (tens of atoms) of argon, krypton and xenon will be studied by novel MULTIDYN package (implementing by modules the interaction model, the hemiquantal molecular dynamics, and electronic transitions) on time scales from 100 to 1000 ps (by MD modul) and on long time scales from microseconds to infinity (through multiscale approach). Emphasis will be placed on fragmentation dynamics after sudden ionization. However, luminiscence spectra connected with radiative processes will be also evaluated. In frame of international cooperation the methods developed find the applications in modeling of cold plasma, which can be used for targeted sterilization of tissues in field of medicine.
Supervisor: Zlámal Jakub, doc. Ing., Ph.D.
SPM application in the field of surfaces, thin films and nanostructures. A possibility of the use of AFM for fabrication (e.g. Local Anodic Oxidatio) and characterization (e.g. Kelvin Force Microscopy) of nanostructures.
Supervisor: Šikola Tomáš, prof. RNDr., CSc.
The LIBS technique utilizes the high power-densities obtained by focusing the radiation from a pulsed laser to generate in the focal region a luminous micro-plasma from an analyte. The micro-plasma emission is subsequently analyzed by spectrometer. The plasma composition is representative to the analyte's elemental composition. LIBS allows to reach high spatial (limited by the size of the laser beam diameter) and depth resolution (in the range of about some tens of nanometers). Detection limits are in the range of few tens ppm; for several elements even lower limits could be realized combining LIBS and laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS) techniques. In the dissertation work the automatization of the LIBS and LIBS+LIFS setups will be addressed. A computer code should be worked out for controlling all equipments and allowing automatic 2D and quasi-3D analysis of sample chemical composition. The function of automatized setups will be verified on selected samples.
Turbulence at large-scale natural convection is a topical problem. Even in the simplest case of natural convection (Rayleigh-Benard convection), the published results on measured Nusselt number Nu at high Rayleigh numbers Ra contradict each other and are inconsistent with numerical solutions. Behaviour of the main circulations (law and reasons of the wind reversals) and the fluid near boundaries at high Ra are not described enough or are unknown. In laboratory, the values of Ra characteristic for processes in atmosphere are attainable when using cold helium gas (5 - 10 K). The goal: contribute to the understanding of physical principles of unsolved problem of turbulence. Method: experimental study of natural convection using cold helium gas with emphasis on structure of convection flow.
Supervisor: Musilová Věra, RNDr., CSc.
The target of thesis is a design and realization of a two channel imaging reflectometer with variable angle of incidence of a light beam enabling us to perform ex situ measurements of local thickness and local spectral dependences of optical constants within uv and visible spectral range and along relatively large area.
Supervisor: Ohlídal Miloslav, prof. RNDr., CSc.
The target of thesis is to design an optical coherence tomograph enabling us to measure topography of thin films and thin film systems. The designed device should support current measurement setups of Laboratotry of coherent optics, IPE FME Brno University of Technology (the optical profilometer and the imaging spectrophotometer). It should allow us to solve also other problems like measurements of mechanical stress in thin films, non-uniformity of thin films ...).
Development of the elements of SPM and its application in the field of surfaces, thin films and nanostructures. A possibility of incorporation of the microscope or its individual components into SEM or other microscopid techniques.
Supervisor: Spousta Jiří, prof. RNDr., Ph.D.
Development of the control unit of piezoceramic annomanipulators and actuators. These elements will be used as a part of SPM or measuring or litografic stages.
Study of GaN nanostructures: - fabrication of GaN nanostructures (ultratin films, nanocrystals and nanofibres) by atom/ion beams and other methods, - characterization of composition and structure of GaN products, - measurement of optical properties (potoluminiscence) of GaN nanostructures.
- Study of local anodic oxidation (LAO) by AFM. - Application of AFM in fabrication of masks and grids for nanoelectronics and nanophotonics.
- Study of principles in fabrication of nanostructures by local sputtering and deposition using the focused ion beam (FIB) - Application of FIB for fabrication of masks and grids in nanoelectronics and nanophotonics
- Development of the methods of fabricatiom of nanostructures and nanodevices (e.g. quantum rings and dots, single electron transistors, spin valves, etc.) by application of available methods (e.g. local anodic oxidation by AFM, focused ion beam - FIB, electron lithography) on advanced materials and structures (e.g. semiconductor heterostructures with 2D electron gas, magnetic layered structures and semiconductors, graphene, etc.). - Measurement of electrical and magnetoelectrical properties of fabricated stractures and devices, ane their possible application
Supervisor: Dub Petr, prof. RNDr., CSc.
Study of graphene and its applications: - preparation of graphene by CVD or other technologies (e.g. sputtering, chemical methods), - characterization of graphene and optimization of its optical and electrical properties, - applications of graphene.
Study of the growth of semiconductor nanowires and their heterostructures - selection and deposition of proper catalytic nanoparticles, - growth of homogeneous nanowires (e.g. Si, Ge) by PVD and/or CVD methods, and optimization of their growth (e.g. by in situ observation in SEM for PVD), - growth and optimization of nanowire heterostructures
Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (IBAD) of thin films ZrO2, HfO2, Al2O3, hydroxylapatite.
The goal of the work is to apply methods of correction of electron-optical aberrations in the field of low voltage microscopy and thus to move it into the area of high resolution microscopy with reduced radiation load of samples. The work must include a study categorizing different types of aberrations and methods of their diagnosis and lead to the proposal of parameters for the selected type of a corrector.
Supervisor: Kolařík Vladimír, RNDr., CSc.
A study of the influence of the magetic field on the propagation of surface plasmon polaritons. Exploitaion of this phenomenon in the field of sensors and detectors.
The content of doctoral study is focused on the development of micromanipulation techniques applicable in digital holographic microscopy. The work will be directed to the optical design and subsequent optimization of the imaging system. Engineering design will result in the realization of the prototype to be tested for use in biology.
Supervisor: Liška Miroslav, prof. RNDr., DrSc.
The aim of this work will be modelling of processes underlying the resistance to crack propagation in shape memory alloys. Besides the slip plasticity, these processes consist of the strain-induced phase transformation from body-centred cubic lattice to monoclinic one that is assisted by twinning.
Supervisor: Šandera Pavel, prof. RNDr., CSc.
Application of plasmon polaritons in nanophotonics> - Fabrication of plasmonic nanostrucutres (e.g. nanoantennas) and a study of their influence on local excitation of electromagnetic. radiation. - Application of plasmonic nanostructures in local excitation of photoluminescence or enhancement of solar cell efficiency.
Application of localized surface plasmons: - study of the influence of environment and substrates of nanostructures on localized surface plasmons, - application of localized surface plasmons (e.g. in biosensors).
Properties and application of plasmon polaritons in nanophotonics - generation and detection of surfaces plasmon polaritons in metal thin films and nanostructures, - study of propagation of plasmon polaritons on surfaces of these objects and their application (e.g. in nanosensors).
Study of the properties of localized surface plasmon modes: - generation of specific modes of localized surface plasmons in nanostructures, - methods of detection and mapping of the modes of localized surface plasmons in nanostructures.
Study and application of localized surface plasmons: - influence of nanoparticles and nanostructures on localized plasmonic modes, - utilization of near fields for trapping and manipulation of nanoparticles and other applications.
Study of magnetic properties of micro- and nanostructures: - fabrication of nanowires, nanodisks and other magnetic nanostructures by lithographic (EBL, FIB,…) and hybrid methods (selective growth) and their characterization, - measurement of the processes of magnetization of these nanostructures by static and dynamic methods (MFM, microscopic MOKE? XMCD,…) and their application for data storing.
- development of techniques for preparation of ardered arrays of nanoparticles from colloidal solutions on different substrates - study of optical (plasmonic) properties of prepared nanostructures - study of transport properties of prepared nanostructures - applications development (e.g. towards detection of biomolecules etc.)
Propagation of cracks under shear loading modes II, III and II+III is one of the strong directions in the world fatigue research. The emphasize is put on the near-threshold crack growth rate and a quantification of transfer conditions from the shear modes to the opening mode I. In the department MMAA IPE this topic is already studied for several yearshas in a close collaboration with the Erich-Schmid Institute of Materials Science, Austrian Academy of Science, in Leoben, where experiments on austenitic steel and ARMCO iron are currently in progress. In the frame of this PhD study this research will continue also using other metallic materials. This work will be suported by the Czech Science Foundation in the frame of the project No. P108/10/0698 in collaboration with the Institute of Thermomechanics, ASCR, in Prague.
Supervisor: Pokluda Jaroslav, prof. RNDr., CSc.
The aim of the dissertation thesis is instrumental and methodological developments in quantitative imaging using a scanning electron microscope, especially in the transmission mode that would add a value to the classical micrographs in a way of mass-thickness mapping of studied samples. Using an advanced image/data processing this technique will allow mass measurement of nanoparticles, macromolecular complexes etc. An integral part of this work is a specific sample preparation and applications of the technique in nanotechnology and biomedicine.
Supervisor: Krzyžánek Vladislav, Ing., Ph.D.
Development of hybrid methods of the selective growth of nanostructures on patterned substrates: - patterning of sample surfaces by nanolithographic methods (FIB, SEM, SPM), - selective growth of metallic or semiconductor (e.g. GaN) nanostructures on these surfaces by sputtering under UHV conditions or by deposition from colloidal solutions.
- Building an apparatus for the measurements of local and integral photoluminescence properties of nanostructures - Study of photoluminescence properties of nanostructures (ordered and disordered semiconductor/dielectric structures)
- Development of the methods of manipulation/formation of nanofibres (e.g. C60) between segments of nanoelectrodes. - Measurement of electrical transport properties of nanofibres.
- Application of a newly developed ultravacuum apparatus based on MBE and RHEED, for preparation of magnetic ultrathin films and nanostructures - Application of FIB, EBL and other methods for preparation of magnetic ultrathin films and nanostructures - Study of magnetic properties of ultrathin films and nanostructures
The aim of the work will be research of possibilities of three-dimensional imaging provided by holographic microscopy and their application especially for observation of biological objects.
Supervisor: Kolman Pavel, Ing., Ph.D.
Methods, which enable to display the entire 3D structure of the studied object non-destructively are intensively studied in many scientific and industrial branches. Up to now, for the practical use, the (computed) tomography i.e. a method that gathers 3D information by reconstruction from 2D projections is mostly employed. Computed tomography (CT) has been widely extended in medical diagnostic. Moreover, especially the X-ray micro-CT has been applied in further important areas, such as machine design and diagnostics, biology, geophysics, archaeology and many others. It is obvious from above-mentioned examples, that qualitative and quantitative 3D visualization techniques based on tomographic reconstruction are intensively investigated worldwide. The topics of the dissertation work include study, application and improvements of absorption- and phase-contrast X-ray micro-CT techniques.
Study plan wasn't generated yet for this year.