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Master's Thesis
Author of thesis: Bc. Marek Silný
Acad. year: 2025/2026
Supervisor: Ing. David Jecha, Ph.D.
Reviewer: Ing. Vladimír Brummer, Ph.D.
The thesis addresses the issue of co-firing solid recovered fuels, sewage sludge, biomass, and lignite in multi-fuel boilers. The main focus of this thesis was to develop a mathematical model capable of calculating the balance of flue gas and heat production for various fuel mixes and the subsequent evaluation of their energy parameters flue gas composition. In the theoretical framework, a review of Czech and European legislation related to the incineration and co-incineration of waste was made. The emission limits for combustion plants under Decree No. 415/2012 Sb. were compared with the BAT conclusions for large combustion plants and waste incineration. Furthermore, a review was conducted of the properties of the considered solid fuels, methods for determining Lower Heating Value, issues related to the co-incineration of multiple fuels, and design solutions for multi-fuel boilers. In the practical part, a mathematical model was created and described for the iterative calculation of flue gas composition, heat production, and fuel consumption. The model was then used for parametric and sensitivity analyses of various fuel mixes, including scenarios considered for the specific operation of the Veolia Energie Kolín, a.s. heating plant. The thesis also included the development of a fuel mix scoring system based on calorific value and the production of selected flue gas components. The results confirmed the significant influence of the fuel mix composition on the amount of heat produced and on selected flue gas components. It was demonstrated that a higher calorific value of the fuel leads to a reduction in the total volume of flue gas and fuel consumption; however, it may simultaneously increase the concentrations of certain pollutants. Sensitivity analyses further demonstrated the influence of the proportion of biomass and lignite on the resulting flue gas composition. The developed model can serve as a tool for a general assessment of the emission potential of various fuel mixes and to support the design of multi-fuel boilers.
multi-fuel boiler, co-firing, emission limits, BAT, flue gas composition, Lower Heating Value, mathematical model, sensitivity analysis, solid recovered fuels, biomass, sewage sludge, lignite
Date of defence
09.06.2026
Result of the defence
Defended (thesis was successfully defended)
Grading
A
Process of defence
Byla předvedena prezentace závěrečné práce a zodpovězeny otázky oponenta práce. Komentáře ke způsobu prezentace a čitelnosti předvedených grafů. Otázka na podrobnosti iteračního výpočtu předvedeného v práci, bylo zodpovězeno. Dotaz na konstukční detaily předmětného palivového kotle, bylo zodpovězeno. Diskuse výsledků předvedených v grafu v prezentaci (produkce CO2 dle palivového mixu). Dotaz na způsob sestavení výpočtové aplikace a rozsah využití AI, bylo zodpovězeno. Otázka na vliv předehřevu vzduchu na teplotu spalin a způsob modelování v předvedené práci, bylo zodpovězeno.
Language of thesis
Czech
Faculty
Fakulta strojního inženýrství
Department
Institute of Process Engineering
Study programme
Process Engineering (N-PRI-P)
Composition of Committee
prof. Dr. Ing. Marcus Reppich (předseda) doc. Ing. Martin Pavlas, Ph.D. (místopředseda) prof. Ing. Petr Stehlík, CSc., dr. h. c. (člen) prof. Ing. Zdeněk Jegla, Ph.D. (člen) Ing. Pavel Skryja, Ph.D. (člen) Ing. Pavel Lošák, Ph.D. (člen) Mgr. Ing. Marek Vondra, Ph.D. (člen)
Supervisor’s reportIng. David Jecha, Ph.D.
Grade proposed by supervisor: A
Reviewer’s reportIng. Vladimír Brummer, Ph.D.
Grade proposed by reviewer: A
Responsibility: Mgr. et Mgr. Hana Odstrčilová