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Master's Thesis
Author of thesis: Bc. Vladimíra Veselá
Acad. year: 2025/2026
Supervisor: Ing. Štěpánka Trachtová, Ph.D.
Reviewer: Ing. Helena Hudečková, Ph.D.
This diploma thesis evaluates the effect of three different types of starter cultures: a standard mesophilic culture CHN-22, a thermophilic culture OMEGA, and a cream-probiotic culture (PROBIO), on the microbiological, chemical, and sensory quality of quark cheese during a three-week cold storage period. The first part of the experiment was dedicated to the optimization of the production process, where a fermentation temperature of 28 °C and mechanical pressing of the curd were established to achieve balanced fermentation and optimal dry matter content. The subsequent microbiological analysis compared the classical cultivation method with molecular-biological detection using real-time PCR. Cultivation demonstrated high viability of all tested cultures, with the probiotic variant maintaining a concentration of bifidobacteria reliably above the legislative limit of 10⁶ CFU/g even at the end of its shelf life. The OMEGA culture also showed a high capacity to maintain a stable bacterial count throughout the entire storage period. The real-time PCR method revealed methodological limits in analyzing the complex dairy matrix; while the genera Streptococcus and Leuconostoc were successfully detected, the detection of the genera Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Lactococcus failed, presumably due to the presence of inhibitors and a low concentration of target DNA. Sensory analysis and the determination of volatile compounds using the HS-SPME-GC-MS method showed significant differences among the individual samples, which further deepened during storage. Quark cheese produced with the PROBIO culture received the best sensory evaluation in almost all monitored parameters. Conversely, the OMEGA variant achieved a substantially worse evaluation than the classical quark (CHN-22), primarily due to higher acidity and a thinner, less homogeneous texture. In accordance with this, the PROBIO quark exhibited the broadest and qualitatively richest spectrum of volatile compounds, whereas the aromatic profile of the OMEGA quark was very narrow and consisted predominantly of only ketones and acids. During storage, both experimental variants increasingly differentiated from the classical quark (CHN-22). Quark cheese enriched with the probiotic culture thus demonstrated its good technological potential for the production of functional dairy products.
quark, starter culture, probiotics, microbial profile, volatile compounds, HS-SPME-GC-MS, real-time PCR, sensory analysis
Date of defence
29.05.2026
Result of the defence
Defended (thesis was successfully defended)
Grading
A
Process of defence
1. Studentka seznámila členy komise s náplní a cílem diplomové práce. 2. Byly přečteny posudky na diplomovou práci. 3. Studentka akceptovala všechny připomínky oponentky a na všechny otázky odpověděla v plné šíři. Diskuse: prof. RNDr. Ivana Márová, CSc. Myslíte, že je možné potom tento výrobek komerčně vyrábět? Byly kultivace prováděny v anaerostatu? Bylo by možné další kultury přidávat až po vytvoření tvarohu? doc. Ing. Pavel Diviš, Ph.D. V práci zmiňujete novou a inovativní výrobu tvarohu, můžete to objasnit? prof. Mgr. Václav Brázda, Ph.D. Jaký byl postup vzorku pro CFU metodu? Jaká byla navážka tvarohu? Studentka odpověděla na všechny doplňující otázky členů komise, které byly v průběhu diskuse k dané problematice vzneseny. V diskusi studentka prokázala výbornou orientaci v dané problematice. Po diskusi následovalo hodnocení závěrečné práce. Diplomantka prokázala nejen výborné odborné znalosti, ale i schopnost samostatné prezentace dosažených výsledků.
Language of thesis
Czech
Faculty
Fakulta chemická
Department
Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology
Study programme
Chemistry of Natural Products (NPCP_CHPL)
Composition of Committee
prof. RNDr. Ivana Márová, CSc. (předseda) prof. Ing. Stanislav Obruča, Ph.D. (místopředseda) doc. Ing. Pavel Diviš, Ph.D. (člen) doc. Ing. Eva Vítová, Ph.D. (člen) prof. RNDr. Iva Burešová, Ph.D. (člen) prof. Mgr. Václav Brázda, Ph.D. (člen)
Supervisor’s reportIng. Štěpánka Trachtová, Ph.D.
Grade proposed by supervisor: A
Reviewer’s reportIng. Helena Hudečková, Ph.D.
Grade proposed by reviewer: B
Responsibility: Mgr. et Mgr. Hana Odstrčilová