This bachelor thesis deals with automated design and 3D prototype printing for urban engineering. In the first part, there is a general definition of 3D printing, including development and overview of basic technology and materials. It also follows the focus on certain measurement methods and the creation of 3D models. In the second part, the thesis focuses mainly on the use in the building industry and it discusses related topics such as the automatic optimization of the external elements of building elements or objects(shape), the internal topology of these building elements (fill) and the possible inspiration from organic structures. There is also distinguished between terrestrial applications focusing on the production of prefabricated building components and implementation at site. Extraterrestrial autonomous applications discuss the possibilities this technology for colonizing the Moon or Mars. This thesis presents the results of a unique assessment of the current state of the art in the field of applicability of 3D technology for additive production in the context of urban engineering and demonstrates the associated advantages and open problems on many examples. Finally, the benefits of this technology are evaluated.