Course detail

Hydraulic Processes

FSI-KHLAcad. year: 2027/2028

The course deals with unit operations in which a fluid (gas or liquid) plays the decisive role, including fluids with various rheological properties, and with their theoretical foundations. The emphasis is on the design and environmental aspects of the equipment and on sizing its main dimensions and performance. Topics include transport of liquids and gases (piping, fittings, pumps, compressors and vacuum pumps), flow through porous media, filtration, sedimentation and separation of heterogeneous mixtures in gravitational and centrifugal fields, flotation, clarification and aeration of liquids, fluidization and mixing. Many of these operations serve pollutant removal and wastewater treatment. Pipes, pumps and compressors are basic equipment used in industry. The unit operations covered are used in the chemical, food and process industries and in biotechnology.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

8

Assignment to study programme types

Master's

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Entry knowledge

The student must be able to:

  • solve algebraic equations and work with graphs and tables;
  • describe basic physical quantities and laws of fluid mechanics (density, pressure, viscosity, hydrostatics, continuity equation, Bernoulli equation);
  • describe basic thermodynamic quantities (gas equation of state, work, heat, energy);
  • convert units and work with SI units.

These skills are acquired in bachelor studies in the subjects mathematics, physics, hydromechanics and thermomechanics.

Rules for evaluation and completion of the course

The course is completed by an examination (ECTS grading scale). Course-unit credit from the exercises is part of the assessment. The course-unit credit is a prerequisite for taking the examination.

Lectures: attendance is optional.

Exercises: attendance is compulsory and checked by the instructor at every class. Two absences are allowed without making up. Every further absence must be duly justified and the student solves the problems that were missed. A missed test is written at a substitute date set by the instructor.

Course-unit credit requirements:

  1. regular and active attendance at the exercises,
  2. passing two written tests in weeks 6 and 13. The tests verify the student's ability to calculate an assigned problem (first test: learning outcome 1, second test: learning outcomes 2–4). Each contains three problems worth 5 points each (maximum 15 points) and is passed with more than 7 points. Each test may be retaken once. The test points count towards the final classification.

Examination: written, verifying theoretical knowledge from the lectures (in particular learning outcomes 5 and 6); 10 theoretical questions worth 4 points each (maximum 40 points); passed with more than 50 % of the points, i.e. at least 21 points.

Final classification: the sum of points from the two tests and the examination, maximum 70 points. A: 63–70, B: 56–62, C: 49–55, D: 42–48, E: 35–41, F: 0–34. A further condition for passing is obtaining more than 50 % of the points in the examination, i.e. at least 21 out of 40, regardless of the total score.

 

Credit calculation

8 credits × 26 h = 208 h of student workload: 65 h of contact teaching (39 h lectures, 26 h exercises) and approx. 143 h of independent work (preparing for the exercises and finishing the problems, preparing for the two tests and for the examination).

Aims

Upon completion of the course, the student is able to:

  1. determine physical properties of fluids and suspensions and, for a given piping system, set up and solve the continuity equation and the Bernoulli equation with losses, design the diameter of industrial piping, calculate pressure drops and select a pump (or fan), including the operating point from the Q-H curve, the power input, the specific speed and the electricity consumption,
  2. calculate the pressure drop for single-phase and two-phase flow through a porous barrier, determine filtration constants and calculate the required filter area and the filtration time,
  3. determine the settling velocity of particles in gravitational and centrifugal fields and design the dimensions of a settling tank and a cyclone,
  4. design a mixing device and determine the homogenization time,
  5. describe the principle, construction and range of use of compressors and vacuum pumps, industrial filters, flotation, clarification and aeration equipment and fluidization equipment,
  6. select a suitable equipment type for a given process (fluid transport, filtration, sedimentation, flotation and clarification, fluidization, mixing) and justify the choice.

Study aids

The updated course lecture notes, study materials and problem sets are provided by the instructor continuously during the semester on a shared drive accessible to enrolled students and in the course group in MS Teams.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

CHHABRA, Raj P. a Basavaraj GURAPPA, ed. Coulson and Richardson's Chemical Engineering: Volume 2A: Particulate Systems and Particle Technology. 6. vyd. B.m.: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2019. ISBN 978-0-08-101098-3. (EN)
CHHABRA, Raj P. a Basavaraj GURAPPA, ed. Coulson and Richardson's Chemical Engineering: Volume 2A: Particulate Systems and Particle Technology. 6. vyd. B.m.: Butterworth-Heinemann, 2019. ISBN 978-0-08-101098-3. (EN)
DARBY, Ron a Raj P. CHHABRA. Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics. 3. vyd. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2016. (EN)

Recommended reading

ANTAKI, George A. Piping and Pipeline Engineering. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2003. (EN)
GREEN, Don W. a Marylee Z. SOUTHARD, ed. Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook. 9. vyd. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2018. (EN)
GÜLICH, Johann Friedrich. Centrifugal Pumps. 4. vyd. B.m.: Springer, 2020. ISBN 978-3-030-14787-7. (EN)
PAUL, Edward L., Victor A. ATIEMO-OBENG a Suzanne M. KRESTA, ed. Handbook of Industrial Mixing: Science and Practice. Hoboken: Wiley-Interscience, 2004. ISBN 0-471-26919-0. (EN)
SOARES, Claire. Process Engineering Equipment Handbook. New York: McGraw-Hill, 2002. (EN)

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme N-PRI-P Master's 1 year of study, winter semester, compulsory, fundamental theoretical courses of the profile core

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

39 hours, optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

Syllabus

  1. Introduction, physical properties of fluids, basic equations.
  2. Industrial piping.
  3. Pipe systems and industrial fittings.
  4. Pumping of liquids.
  5. Compressors (fans and blowers) and vacuum pumps.
  6. Hydraulics of a porous barrier.
  7. Filtration, industrial filters.
  8. Sedimentation of particles in a gravitational field.
  9. Industrial settling equipment.
  10. Flotation, clarification and aeration of liquids.
  11. Separation of heterogeneous mixtures in a centrifugal field.
  12. Fluidization and fluid transport.
  13. Mixing of liquids.

Exercise

26 hours, compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Syllabus

  1. Dimensional analysis, physical properties of suspensions, hydrostatic pressure.
  2. Hydrodynamics, continuity equation, Bernoulli equation, Michaud formula.
  3. Pressure drop calculation in piping.
  4. Design of industrial piping and pipe networks.
  5. Pump power input, pipe diameter from the Q-H curve.
  6. Specific speed, pressure drop in discharge piping, electricity consumption. First written test.
  7. Parameters of a porous barrier, pressure drop in single-phase flow.
  8. Pressure drop in two-phase flow through a porous barrier.
  9. Determination of filtration constants, calculation of filtration time.
  10. Filtration on a frame filter press.
  11. Settling velocity in a gravitational field, settling tank dimensions.
  12. Settling velocity in a centrifugal field, cyclones.
  13. Design of a mixing device, homogenization time. Second written test.

Self-study

100 hours, optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

Individual preparation for an ending of the course

43 hours, optionally

Teacher / Lecturer