The subject is the introduction to principles and medically relevant knowledge of nanotechnology, and the chemistry of modern materials for medical application. The students are familiarized with the structural principles of organs, tissues and cells and the principles of their regulation. The biological reactions of cells and tissues to various types of material and systems built of these materials are discussed. The health risks of materials and their nanoforms are pointed out. The above mentioned is demonstrated on examples of targeted distribution of biologically active materials and their directed releasing, regenerative medicine, tissue engineering and sensors utilisable in diagnostics and medicine. The practical part and comprehensibility are stressed at the introductory level.