Course detail

Therapeutic Technology

FEKT-MPC-TERAcad. year: 2022/2023

The course deals with principle and use of ultrasound, ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, lasers, accelerated electrons and protons. Ultrasound surgery, hf-hyperthermia and radiofrequency ablation, radiotherapy with accelerated electrons and protons, ESWL and PEK are discussed. Furthermore the application of lasers in medicine, cardiopulmonary and renal extracorporeal blood circulation, interventional cardiology systems, ventilation and anesthesiology systems, defibrillators, organ replacements, prostheses and operating robot are discussed as well as biochemical and immunological laboratory systems.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

5

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Learning outcomes of the course unit

The graduate of the course is able to:
- explain the basic laws of ultraacoustics,
- describe individual methods of performance applications of ultrasound in surgery, ultrasonic knife,
- explain the principle of vkv tissue heating and radiofrequency ablation,
- describe the function of electron accelerators and hadrons,
- explain the principle of optical scalpel,
- describe the principle and functional blocks of cardiopulmonary extracorporeal blood circulation,
- describe the principle and functional blocks of the hemodialysis monitor,
- explain the principle of interventional cardiology,
- describe individual types of functional prostheses,
- describe the function of the operating robot,
- explain the principles applied in biochemical automata,
- describe the function of the external and implantable defibrillator.

Prerequisites

Work in the laboratory is conditioned by a valid qualification of "employee knowledgeable for independent activity" according to Vyhl. 50/1978 Coll., which students must obtain before the start of course. Information on this qualification is given in the Dean's Directive Familiarization of students with safety regulations.

Co-requisites

Not applicable.

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

Teaching methods depend on the type of course unit as specified in the article 7 of BUT Rules for Studies and Examinations. Teaching methods include lectures and practical laboratories. Course is taking advantage of e-learning systems.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

The evaluation is determined by the current decree of the subject guarantor.

Course curriculum

1. Therapeutic use of ultrasound - physics of ultrasound, mechanical and thermal action of ultrasound, micromassage, ultrasound surgery, ESWL and PEK, ultrasound hyperthermia, ultrasound osteosynthesis, ultrasound distribution of drugs. Cavitation, aerosology.
2. Diathermy and hyperthermia - energy transfer by electromagnetic wave, Poynting vector, thermal motion of molecules, release of spasms, destructive heating of tumors, structural aspects of diathermy and hyperthermia, radiometry.
3. Lasers in medicine - properties of lasers (coherence, monochromaticity, directionality, focusability), therapeutic effect of light-tissue interaction, photodynamic therapy, stimulation, analgesic effect, lasers in ophthalmology, photodistribution, Oshir's apple, optical window of skin. Design aspects of lasers.
4. Ionizing radiation and radiotherapy - physics and interactions of ionizing radiation with matter, radiation sources. Interaction with tissue, tissue radisensitivity. Curative and palliative treatment. Types of radiotherapy and design aspects.
5. Interventional cardiology, artificial valves - CARTO, artificial valves, artificial heart.
6. Support of failing heart, blood pumps - intraaortic and extraaortic balloon counterpulsation, intravascular blood mini-pump, percutaneous ventricular cardiac support, EMCO, extracorporeal blood circulation.
7. Kidney support, hemodialysis and hemofiltration - physical mechanisms of blood filtration, hemodialysis, hemofiltration, plasmapheresis, construction of filters and quantification of their effectiveness.
8. Ventilation systems and lung support - artificial lung ventilation, oxygen therapy, masks and intubation.
9. Replacement of sensory organs, orthoses and prostheses - auditory prostheses, cochlear implants, visual prostheses, visual neuroprostheses, voice prostheses. Mechanical replacements, orthoses and prostheses.
10. High-frequency surgery, robotic surgery - physics of high-frequency electric current, technical solution of electroscalpel, types of currents. Surgical, guidance and assistive robot.
11. Endoscopic technique in therapy - endoscopic mirrors, tube endoscopes, fiberscopes, video endoscopes, confocal endoscopy, capsule endoscopes, virtual endoscopy.
12. Biochemical analyzers - biochemical processes, metabolism, biochemical analyzers, immunoturbidimetry, chemiluminescence, fluorescence polarization immunoassay, ion-selective electrodes, Westgard's rules.
13. Exercise examinations - assessment of physical performance, forms of exercise, Holter examinations.

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

The aim of the course is to introduce students to the technical aspects of therapeutic devices and acquaint them with their use.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

Laboratory classes are mandatory, duly excused missed laboratory exercises or excursions can be replaced in agreement with the teacher.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

ROZMAN, Jiří. Elektronické přístroje v lékařství. Praha: Academia, 2006. Česká matice technická (Academia). ISBN 80-200-1308-3. (CS)
HRAZDIRA, Ivo a Vojtěch MORNSTEIN. Lékařská biofyzika a přístrojová technika. Brno: Neptun, 2001. ISBN 80-902-8961-4. (CS)

Recommended reading

Not applicable.

eLearning

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme MPC-BIO Master's, 2. year of study, summer semester, compulsory

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

26 hours, optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

Laboratory exercise

26 hours, compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

eLearning