Course detail

Power Plants and Heating Power Stations

FEKT-MELEAcad. year: 2017/2018

The course deals with basic electrical equipment for power generation in conventional power plants and heating plants. Emphasis is put on the operating characteristics of synchronous machines that determine the way of power control in the electricity grid. Students learn the generator protections function and extend their knowledge of electrical machines through the measurement on the generator model in laboratory. Further section deals with an electrical power output of the generator and the devices for own power plant consumption.

Language of instruction

Czech

Number of ECTS credits

6

Mode of study

Not applicable.

Learning outcomes of the course unit

The graduates are able to:
- explain methods of increase the efficiency of conventional steam power plants,
- describe the two basic types of synchronous alternator construction,
- explain the principles of their function,
- define the operating conditions of synchronous alternator,
- describe the behavior of synchronous generator during the short circuit ,
- describe the basic electrical alternator protection,
- discuss the advantages and disadvantages of different ways of connecting the alternator to the network,
- list the basic devices of power plant consumption,
- describe the method of designing of source for power plant consumption supplying.

Prerequisites

Students should know the principles of primary energy conversion into electrical energy used in conventional power plants, able to describe and explain the Rankin-Clausius thermal cycle and principle of synchronous machines function. General knowledge is required at the level of bachelor's degree, but it is advisable to have completed courses Electrical Power Generation and Electrical Machines.

Co-requisites

Not applicable.

Planned learning activities and teaching methods

Techning methods include lectures, computer laboratories and practical laboratories. Course is taking advantage of e-learning (Moodle) system. Students have to write two projects/assignments during the course.

Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes

Students can obtain up to 50 points of the overall evaluation of the course during the semester - 15 points for projects up to 15 points for the processing of laboratory protocols and 20 points in the final test. A student has to obtain at least half of the maximum points in all mentioned activities.
The final exam is oral (max. 50 points). It focuses on the orientation in the topics as are defined in course syllabus. The condition for the successful passing this exam is to get at least half of the maximum points.

Course curriculum

1. Increase of thermal power stations heat circuit efficiency
2. Synchronous machine construction, basic parameters, fundamental principles.
3. Synchronous alternator under constant operation conditions - phasor diagram, equivalent circuit, p-q transformation.
4. Synchronous alternator operation at network of infinite power, load angle characteristics, P-Q diagram, synchronization.
5. Excitation systems and voltage control of synchronous alternator.
6. Synchronous alternator transients - tree phase short circuit, abnormal operations.
7. Electrical protections for generators
8. Generator power capacity conductors, arrangement of power station scheme.
9. Power station internal consumption, dimension of internal consumption sources, its design and checking.
10. Drives in stations auxiliaries - using and choice of electric motors, characteristics powered devices.
11. Power station operational characteristic, use of generators in power system.
12. Power stations control under islanding operation condition.
13. Power station operation reliability.

Work placements

Not applicable.

Aims

The course aims to complement and extend knowledge about the production of electricity in power plants and heating plants. It focuses primarily on their electrical part - the operating conditions of synchronous alternators and methods for their protection, design and control of own consumption supply.

Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences

Labs are compulsory; correctly excused absence can be replaced by arrangement with the teacher.

Recommended optional programme components

Not applicable.

Prerequisites and corequisites

Not applicable.

Basic literature

DOLEŽAL, J. a kol. Jaderné a klasické elektrárny. ČVUT Praha 2011. (CS)
Dočekal, A., Bouček S. : Elektrárny II - Přednášky. Skripta ČVUT 1998. (CS)

Recommended reading

Elliot,T.C.,CHEN,K.,Swanekamp,R.C.:Standard Handbook of Powerplant Engineering. McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc. ISBN 0-07-019435-1 (EN)
Ondrášek, M.: Elektrárny II. Skripta VUT 1988. (CS)

Classification of course in study plans

  • Programme EEKR-M Master's

    branch M-EEN , 1 year of study, winter semester, compulsory

  • Programme EEKR-CZV lifelong learning

    branch EE-FLE , 1 year of study, winter semester, compulsory

Type of course unit

 

Lecture

39 hod., optionally

Teacher / Lecturer

Syllabus

1. Introduction to course. Increasing of thermal power stations heat circuit efficiency.
2. Combined cycle for cogeneration.
3. Synchronous machine construction, basic parameters, fundamental principles.
4. Synchronous alternator under constant operation conditions - phasor diagram, equivalent circuit, p-q transformation.
5. Synchronous alternator operation at network of infinite power, load angle characteristics, P-Q diagram, synchronization.
6. Excitation systems of synchronous generators.
7. Voltage and reactive power control of synchronous alternator.
8. Control of power active of power plant generator unit
9. Synchronous alternator transients - tree phase short circuit, abnormal operations.
10. Electrical protections for generators.
11. Generator power output, arrangement of power station scheme.
12. Power station internal consumption, dimension of internal consumption sources, its design and checking.
13. Drives in stations auxiliaries - using and choice of electric motors, characteristics powered devices.

Fundamentals seminar

4 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Syllabus

1. Calculation of optimal thermal power station heat circuit - optimize of reheating pressure.
2. Calculation of optimal thermal power station heat circuit - optimize of regeneration.
3. Theory introduction for laboratory exercises.

Exercise in computer lab

4 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Syllabus

1. Configuration and setting tool program for machine protection terminal.
2. Calculation and visualization load angle characteristic of synchronous alternator, static stability reserve.
3. Load angle characteristic of synchronous alternator with voltage control system.
4. Simulation of three phase short circuit at generator terminals.

Laboratory exercise

18 hod., compulsory

Teacher / Lecturer

Syllabus

1. Testing of negative phase sequence protection.
2. Measuring of operation characteristic of differential protection.
4. Measuring of transient at generator synchronization.
3. Measuring of synchronous alternator parameters.
5. Measuring of three phase short circuit time constants of synchronous alternator.