Course detail
Hydraulics and Hydrology
FAST-MR51Acad. year: 2013/2014
Basics of fluid statics – properties of fluids, pressure in a fluid at rest, hydrostatic forces on plain and curved surface, floatation
Basics of hydrodynamics, water flow in pressure pipeline systems.
Flow in systems with a free surface, in open channels and flow over hydraulic structures.
New finding in hydraulics of water structures.
Basics of groundwater flow, wells, collection galleries.
Basics in hydrology, water balance, precipitation, evaporation, surface runoff from watershed and its analysis, maximum and minimum discharges, M-day and N-year discharges.
Students will take the course partly in computational and laboratory exercises.
Language of instruction
Czech
Number of ECTS credits
5
Mode of study
Not applicable.
Guarantor
Department
Institute of Water Structures (VST-VST)
Learning outcomes of the course unit
The graduate obtains knowledge about the foundations of hydrostatics, hydrodynamics and hydrology. The student is able to:
- Explain basic concepts of hydrostatic
- Describe the fundamentals of fluid flow
- Explain the phenomena arising from the flow of water in pressure systems and open channels
- Describe the water cycle in nature
- Explain the parameters describing the qualitative and quantitative parameters of water in nature
- Explain basic concepts of hydrostatic
- Describe the fundamentals of fluid flow
- Explain the phenomena arising from the flow of water in pressure systems and open channels
- Describe the water cycle in nature
- Explain the parameters describing the qualitative and quantitative parameters of water in nature
Prerequisites
Basic knowledge of mathematics, physics, mechanics and statics.
Co-requisites
Concrete and metal structures, applied ecology.
Planned learning activities and teaching methods
Course lectures are supplemented by presentations of mathematical and physical research of flow (eg modeling of the flooded area, etc.). During the semester, students watch demonstrations of hydraulic models in the laboratory of the institute.
Assesment methods and criteria linked to learning outcomes
Successful conclusion of the course requires the completion of exercises with the granting of credit from the course, compliance with computing and conceptual part of the written test and the actual examination.
Course curriculum
1. Hydraulics, fluid properties, hydrostatic, pressure forces on plane and curved surfaces, floatation.
2. Hydrodynamics, continuity and momentum equation, Bernoulli equation, application of impulse theorem.
3. Water flow in pressure pipeline systems, laminar and turbulent flow. Calculation of hydraulic long and short pipes and combined pipes. Inverted siphon, sucker, pump design.
4. Steady uniform flow with free surface in open channels. Energetic head of profile. Critical flow. Supercritical and subcritical flow.
5. Overflow of water on overfalls. Orifice discharge and overfalls with reservoirs.
6. Hydraulic jump with bottom regime. Connection of water surface of two pools, design of rectangle stilling basin.
7. Hydraulic computation of typical communication objects, bridges and culverts. Basics of groundwater flow (Darcy’s formula, filtration velocity, filtration coefficient, Dupuit theorem, groundwater flow in surrounding of a well).
8. Hydrology: occurrence of water and water cycle, catchment, runoff process in urban areas.
9. Measurement of meteorological and hydrological quantities. Processing of hydrological data.
10. Approximation of empirical distribution by theoretical distributions using in hydrology.
11. Maximum discharges.
12. Minimum discharges. Groundwater.
13. Water level and discharge forecasting.
2. Hydrodynamics, continuity and momentum equation, Bernoulli equation, application of impulse theorem.
3. Water flow in pressure pipeline systems, laminar and turbulent flow. Calculation of hydraulic long and short pipes and combined pipes. Inverted siphon, sucker, pump design.
4. Steady uniform flow with free surface in open channels. Energetic head of profile. Critical flow. Supercritical and subcritical flow.
5. Overflow of water on overfalls. Orifice discharge and overfalls with reservoirs.
6. Hydraulic jump with bottom regime. Connection of water surface of two pools, design of rectangle stilling basin.
7. Hydraulic computation of typical communication objects, bridges and culverts. Basics of groundwater flow (Darcy’s formula, filtration velocity, filtration coefficient, Dupuit theorem, groundwater flow in surrounding of a well).
8. Hydrology: occurrence of water and water cycle, catchment, runoff process in urban areas.
9. Measurement of meteorological and hydrological quantities. Processing of hydrological data.
10. Approximation of empirical distribution by theoretical distributions using in hydrology.
11. Maximum discharges.
12. Minimum discharges. Groundwater.
13. Water level and discharge forecasting.
Work placements
Not applicable.
Aims
By attending the course students will get basic information on behaviour of fluids, phenomenons generated in water flow in pressure system and open channels. The students will also learn the information on water cycle in nature and measuring of related qualitative and quantitative parameters.
Specification of controlled education, way of implementation and compensation for absences
Extent and forms are specified by guarantor’s regulation updated for every academic year.
Recommended optional programme components
It is possible collaboration on research projects in the field of hydraulics.
Prerequisites and corequisites
Not applicable.
Basic literature
JANDORA, Jan: Hydraulika a hydrologie, studijní opora. FAST VUT v Brně, 2005. (CS)
JANDORA, Jan, STARA, Vlastimil, STARÝ, Miloš: Hydraulika a hydrologie. CERM, s.r.o. Brno, 2002. ISBN 978-80-7204-739-0. (CS)
MUNSON, Bruce R. et al.: Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics. John Wiley&Sons, New York, USA, 1998. ISBN-10: 1118116135. (EN)
JANDORA, Jan, STARA, Vlastimil, STARÝ, Miloš: Hydraulika a hydrologie. CERM, s.r.o. Brno, 2002. ISBN 978-80-7204-739-0. (CS)
MUNSON, Bruce R. et al.: Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics. John Wiley&Sons, New York, USA, 1998. ISBN-10: 1118116135. (EN)
Recommended reading
BOOR, Boris, KUNŠTÁTSKÝ, Jiří, PATOČKA, Cyril: Hydraulika pro vodohospodářské stavby. SNTL/ALFA, 1968. (CS)
JANDORA, Jan, UHMANNOVÁ, Hana: Základy hydrauliky a hydrologie. Příklady. CERM, s.r.o. Brno, 1999. ISBN 80-214-1160-0. (CS)
KOLÁŘ, Václav, PATOČKA, Cyril, BÉM, Jiří: Hydraulika. SNTL/ALFA, 1983. (CS)
WIDDEN, Martin: Fluid Mechanics. MACMILLAN PRES LTD, 1996. ISBN-10: 0333517997. (EN)
JANDORA, Jan, UHMANNOVÁ, Hana: Základy hydrauliky a hydrologie. Příklady. CERM, s.r.o. Brno, 1999. ISBN 80-214-1160-0. (CS)
KOLÁŘ, Václav, PATOČKA, Cyril, BÉM, Jiří: Hydraulika. SNTL/ALFA, 1983. (CS)
WIDDEN, Martin: Fluid Mechanics. MACMILLAN PRES LTD, 1996. ISBN-10: 0333517997. (EN)
Classification of course in study plans
Type of course unit
Lecture
26 hod., optionally
Teacher / Lecturer
Syllabus
1 to 2 Hydraulics, fluid properties, hydrostatic, pressure forces on plane and curved surfaces, floatation.
3rd Hydrodynamics, continuity and momentum equation, Bernoulli equation, application of impulse theorem.
4 to 5 Water flow in pressure pipeline systems, laminar and turbulent flow. Calculation of hydraulic long and short pipes and combined pipes. Inverted siphon, sucker, pump design.
6 to 7 Steady uniform flow with free surface in open channels. Energetic head of profile. Critical flow. Supercritical and subcritical flow.
8th Overflow of water on overfalls. Orifice discharge and overfalls with reservoirs.
9th Hydraulic jump with bottom regime. Connection of water surface of two pools, design of rectangle stilling basin.
10th Hydraulic computation of typical communication objects, bridges and culverts.
11th Basics of groundwater flow (Darcy’s formula, filtration velocity, filtration coefficient, Dupuit theorem, groundwater flow in surrounding of a well)
12th Hydrology: occurrence of water and water cycle, hydrological balance, definition and characteristics of watershed, precipitation, evaporation, measurement of hydrological variables.
13th Surface runoff from watershed and its determination. Flow regimes in open channels. Maximum and minimum discharges, m-day and N-year discharges, winter regime, influence on runoff regime, influence of reservoirs on regulation of outflow from watershed, etc.
3rd Hydrodynamics, continuity and momentum equation, Bernoulli equation, application of impulse theorem.
4 to 5 Water flow in pressure pipeline systems, laminar and turbulent flow. Calculation of hydraulic long and short pipes and combined pipes. Inverted siphon, sucker, pump design.
6 to 7 Steady uniform flow with free surface in open channels. Energetic head of profile. Critical flow. Supercritical and subcritical flow.
8th Overflow of water on overfalls. Orifice discharge and overfalls with reservoirs.
9th Hydraulic jump with bottom regime. Connection of water surface of two pools, design of rectangle stilling basin.
10th Hydraulic computation of typical communication objects, bridges and culverts.
11th Basics of groundwater flow (Darcy’s formula, filtration velocity, filtration coefficient, Dupuit theorem, groundwater flow in surrounding of a well)
12th Hydrology: occurrence of water and water cycle, hydrological balance, definition and characteristics of watershed, precipitation, evaporation, measurement of hydrological variables.
13th Surface runoff from watershed and its determination. Flow regimes in open channels. Maximum and minimum discharges, m-day and N-year discharges, winter regime, influence on runoff regime, influence of reservoirs on regulation of outflow from watershed, etc.
Exercise
26 hod., compulsory
Teacher / Lecturer
Syllabus
1 to 2 Calculations of communicating vessels and pressure forces on plane and curved surfaces.
3rd Ideal fluid flow calculations using the Bernoulli equation and the continuity equation.
4 to 5 Calculation of flow real fluid in pipelines (hydraulic long and short pipes).
6 to 7 Calculations of steady uniform flow with free surface in open channels and critical depth calculations.
8th Calculations of orifice discharge and overflow.
9th Calculations of hydraulic jump and design of a rectangular stilling basin.
10th The calculations of water flow in bridges and culverts.
11th Basic calculations of groundwater flow - wells.
12th Calculation of runoff from the watershed.
13th Estimates of m-day discharges.
3rd Ideal fluid flow calculations using the Bernoulli equation and the continuity equation.
4 to 5 Calculation of flow real fluid in pipelines (hydraulic long and short pipes).
6 to 7 Calculations of steady uniform flow with free surface in open channels and critical depth calculations.
8th Calculations of orifice discharge and overflow.
9th Calculations of hydraulic jump and design of a rectangular stilling basin.
10th The calculations of water flow in bridges and culverts.
11th Basic calculations of groundwater flow - wells.
12th Calculation of runoff from the watershed.
13th Estimates of m-day discharges.