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A guide to basics of AI

A definition of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is still ambiguous, however, it can generally be described as a program that can mimic human thinking and behavior. Therefore, it is the ability of machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence (e.g., analyzing, learning, planning, creativity).

Since 2022, the use of AI tools in student assignment and thesis writing has been discussed in universities and academic circles. This debate has become widespread, especially due to the massive increase in the availability of AI chatbots and other platforms. Therefore, in September 2023, the Brno University of Technology issued an official statement regarding the use of generative AI, which students and academic staff need to respect.

Of course, AI tools bring significant benefits, such as:

Saving time and resources - research can be accelerated by automating tedious tasks, designing insights, identifying patterns and knowledge gaps, summarizing findings, etc.
New discoveries – knowledge from different disciplines can be cross-linked and thus new hypotheses can be created, based on AI's ability to extract and analyze large amounts of data.
Expanding creativity - new ideas and perspectives can be generated by exploring possibilities outside the normal human thought processes
Reproducibility and sharing - scientific progress can be accelerated, building on easier reproduction and representation

On the other hand, there are also potential risks such as bias, environmental burden, inequality or possible discrimination due to the data on which the systems are trained and the settings of their algorithms, loss of skills, etc.

Either way, AI is here to stay - so it is good to learn how to work with it. When working with the tools, keep these principles in mind:

Legality
Generative AI tools may be used only where it does not contradict generally binding legal regulations and internal standards of Brno University of Technology.
Responsibility and verification
Responsibility for any damage or other negative consequences that may be caused by generative AI tools rests with the user. In order to avoid undesirable consequences of the outputs of generative AI tools, the user is responsible for rigorously verifying the reliability of their outputs: their correctness, truthfulness, and safety.
Transparency
Generative AI is a supporting tool, not a technology intended to be used directly for research, development, artistic and other creative activities, nor a tool to be used to fulfil learning obligations.
Development and innovation
The use of generative AI tools is primarily intended to contribute to development, innovation and the search for solutions to improve the quality of life, sustainability and to address current societal needs and issues in accordance with applicable value, moral and legal societal principles.
Learning and copyright protection
• The eligibility, manner and extent of use of generative AI tools is subject to the contractual terms and conditions set by their providers and may be subject to copyright, which the user is responsible for respecting.
Protection of privacy and trade secrets
· When using generative AI tools, the principles of privacy and trade secret protection must be observed and the misuse of the information provided must be prevented. Before providing data to generative AI tools, the terms of the guarantee provided to protect the data entered must be verified.
Ethical use
• Generative AI tools and their outputs must be used in accordance with the general ethical principles and principles contained in the Code of Ethics of Brno University of Technology.
Education and training
• Effective use of generative AI tools and understanding of the potential and risks requires education and training of users in order to eliminate possible adverse effects.

Tools:

Tools can be divided into several groups according to their purpose:

General-purpose tools are represented by the best known ChatGPT .
In academia, information retrieval tools such as Semantic Scholar, Consensus or ResearchRabbit are useful.
Another category can be tools for teaching, interesting ones are SCIOBOT or Speechify.

There are also many tools that help developers or when working with data. For example, you can search these two lists: Generative AI Product Tracker a EJ:AJ. Of course, it is always good to consider the financial side, i.e. whether this tool truly offers all functions you need for free.

Working with AI tools:

If you have decided to use a tool, do not forget to follow these principles:

Do not ask the AI to do something you could not possibly do yourself (controllability).
Keep the conversation (screenshots)
Use also other sources of information (fact check)
Think green (not every prompt demands/justifies AI tools - for example, a single ChatGPT prompt consumes 15 times more energy than one search on Google)

Citing AI

Before you cite AI-generated content in your work:

Make sure that such use is acceptable for the task at hand.
If you are citing a fact or argument, you should not cite AI-generated information. AI tools can create inaccurate data and even come up with non-existent sources. Instead, cite reliable sources of information, such as peer-reviewed journal articles.

➔ Citace dle APA
➔ Citace dle Chicago
➔ Citace dle IEEE
➔ Citace dle ČSN ISO 690 (unfortunately, only in Czech, however, automatic translation can help )

Additional sources for you:

Bibliography:

Chat GPT: and Artifical Intelligence on higher education. Online. In: El Instituto Internacional de la UNESCO. © 2023. Available at: https://www.iesalc.unesco.org/wp-content/uploads/2023/04/ChatGPT-and-Artificial-Intelligence-in-higher-education-Quick-Start-guide_EN_FINAL.pdf. [cit. 2024-07-24].

LEFFER, Lauren. The AI Boom Could Use a Shocking Amount of Electricity. Online. In: SCIAM. © 2024. Available at: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-ai-boom-could-use-a-shocking-amount-of-electricity/. [cit. 2024-07-24].