BUT launches European project for data protection in era of quantum computers

The European research project QARC, coordinated by Brno University of Technology, was launched with a meeting of nearly 50 experts from 18 partner institutions and 11 countries. The aim of the project is to develop solutions to ensure cybersecurity even after the expected arrival of extremely powerful quantum computers. The kick-off meeting took place on 5–6 February at the Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Communication, BUT (FEEC BUT).

Kick-off meeting of representatives of the European QARC project at FEEC BUT. | Author: Nikola Číková

Although quantum computers currently exist mainly in experimental form, experts agree that their impact on cybersecurity will be fundamental and that preparation is needed well in advance. This challenge is addressed by the QARC project (Quantum-Resistant Cryptography in Practice), which focuses on the development of cryptographic tools for a secure digital future in the post-quantum era.

“The transition to quantum-resistant systems is a direct consequence of the dynamic development of quantum computing. This represents a significant threat to current cryptography – a functional quantum computer would be capable of breaking most of today’s security systems. That is why recommendations already exist from international organisations (European Commission, the ENISA agency) as well as national authorities (NÚKIB, CZ only) regarding the transition to cryptography that is resistant to quantum threats. Standards are also being developed that describe algorithms for secure digital signatures or the establishment of encryption keys. The QARC project aims to accelerate this transition to quantum-resistant systems through research into additional algorithms and their practical applications,” explained Professor Jan Hajný from FEEC BUT, the project’s principal investigator.

Among the guests were also representatives of the National Cyber and Information Security Agency (NÚKIB). | Author: Nikola Číková

Cryptography is an essential part of cybersecurity, ensuring that data remain private even when transmitted over public networks. Post-quantum cryptography (PQC) includes cryptographic algorithms designed to withstand attacks by future powerful quantum computers that will break current standards. PQC is not based on principles of quantum physics, but rather on new mathematical problems, such as finding points in multidimensional lattices or solving systems of nonlinear equations.

Applications will focus on various areas – from pilot projects in electronic public administration and open-source platforms to cooperation with security forces in protecting critical infrastructure and the state.

The direction in which the development of practical applications may proceed is illustrated by a Post-Quantum encryptor that combines quantum and post-quantum technologies to protect data even against future quantum attacks. The device was developed at FEEC BUT within the NESPOQ project with the support of the Czech Ministry of the Interior, which awarded it as a top result in security research. The encryptor is now moving into the commercialisation phase.

Post-Quantum encryptor from FEEC VUT, combining quantum and post-quantum technologies to protect data even against future quantum attacks. | Author: Nikola Číková

The QARC project builds on previous national and international activities of Professor Hajný’s team and its long-standing expertise. “Previous projects CHESS and NESPOQ helped us gain not only extensive experience in the design and practical use of quantum-safe technologies, but also to establish important partnerships. The project would not be possible without excellent partners from the Czech Republic, Estonia, the Netherlands and other European countries, who have the best prerequisites for us to succeed together,” emphasised Jan Hajný.

“Thanks to projects such as QARC, which are initiated and coordinated from BUT and supported by Brno-based institutions such as the national authority NÚKIB or the company Red Hat, Brno is becoming one of the centres of quantum and post-quantum technologies. The unique technological and expert background of local universities makes it possible to carry out activities whose results go beyond the borders of the Czech Republic and have global relevance,” concluded Professor Jan Hajný.

Cybersecurity experts discussed the transition to quantum-secure cryptography and the interconnection of national cybersecurity authorities. | Author: Nikola Číková

The main goal of the international QARC project, coordinated by the FEEC BUT research team, is to strengthen the transition to quantum-safe cryptography through close cooperation between academia, industry and the public sector. QARC focuses not only on providing and testing technical solutions resistant to quantum attacks, but also on building international networks and cooperation among national cybersecurity authorities (NÚKIB in the Czech Republic). The research project involves 18 partner institutions from 11 countries and is supported by more than EUR 6 million from the prestigious Horizon Europe programme.

„The project funded under Grant Agreement No. 101225691 is supported by the European Cybersecurity Competence Centre, funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or ECCC. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them."